{"schemaVersion":1,"updatedAt":"2026-11-11","scope":"Answers for selected projects, drawn from public sources. They are not full engineering, compliance or environmental audits. National inventory records are kept separately.","answerPolicy":{"yes":"The cited source supports the precise question at the stated evidence level.","no":"The cited source explicitly establishes the contrary.","unknown":"The listed records, a limited set, do not show the answer. Not known is never the same as a failure.","not-applicable":"The question does not apply to this project stage or scope."},"criteria":[{"id":"disclosure","label":"A project record is public","question":"Is there a public disclosure or a government record about this project?","description":"A Yes means a record about this project can be read. That is a finding about openness and does not confirm environmental quality.","topic":"evidence"},{"id":"cooling","label":"No evaporative cooling","question":"Does the disclosed design cool the whole campus this record covers without evaporating water?","description":"A Yes may describe a proposed design, and a closed loop inside a server does not by itself show how heat is released outdoors. A No does not by itself show unsustainable water use.","topic":"water"},{"id":"water","label":"A water amount is public","question":"Is a number public for how much water the site or campus needs or consumes?","description":"The note must tell apart projected demand, permitted capacity, actual withdrawal and actual consumption. A disclosed amount is not an assessment of water stress.","topic":"water"},{"id":"energy","label":"Clean power accounting is public","question":"Is clean power accounting for this project public, and does it clearly state the matching period?","description":"A Yes needs the boundary (what is counted) and the time basis, such as yearly matching or hourly accounting. It does not mean that every hour uses carbon-free electricity.","topic":"electricity"},{"id":"ratepayer","label":"Cost terms are adopted","question":"Do public records show an adopted tariff or agreement that says who pays the project’s power costs?","description":"A Yes needs the adopted document and proof that it covers this project. An operator’s promise or a regulator’s vote that is not final does not count, and adoption does not prove other customers face no risk.","topic":"costs"},{"id":"air","label":"A final air permit is public","question":"Is a final air permit for this project public in the listed records?","description":"A permit shows what is allowed and under what conditions. It does not show zero emissions or that the rules are followed, and drafts and applications do not count.","topic":"air"},{"id":"noise","label":"Noise limits are set","question":"Do the listed records show enforceable noise limits, as numbers, for the site when it runs?","description":"A Yes means the records show enforceable limits as numbers. Proposed limits, an operator’s claims of compliance and general statements about quiet equipment do not count.","topic":"noise"},{"id":"decision","label":"A local decision is on record","question":"Does a public record show a local land-use decision?","description":"A Yes covers an approval, a denial, or a decision later voided. Read the outcome and date, because a Yes does not mean the project is approved.","topic":"commitments"},{"id":"performance","label":"Measured results are public","question":"Are measured environmental results for the site or campus public, with the dates they cover?","description":"Measurements of PUE (energy overhead), water or emissions count when the site and the reporting period are clearly stated. Economic estimates do not count, and measurements a provider reports are not automatically checked by an independent auditor.","topic":"evidence"}],"projects":[{"id":"port-washington-lighthouse","name":"Lighthouse — Port Washington","city":"Port Washington","state":"WI","status":"under-construction","developer":"Vantage Data Centers","operator":"Vantage Data Centers / Oracle cloud services","tenants":["Oracle","OpenAI"],"coordinates":[-87.8876,43.3872],"coordinatePrecision":"city","summary":"Public agency records add to the developer and tenant statements. Cooling promises, permits and future results from running the site are different kinds of evidence.","lastReviewed":"2026-11-11","statusAsOf":"2026-09-17","statusNote":"The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (DNR) describes construction. Oracle’s update of 17 September 2026 still describes operations expected in the future. Neither record shows full power delivery or commercial service.","sources":[{"id":"oracle","title":"Port Washington data center facts","url":"https://www.oracle.com/data-centers/port-washington/","publisher":"Oracle","type":"operator-claim","publishedAt":"2026-01","retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved","note":"The page explicitly dates its information to January 2026 and identifies forward-looking statements."},{"id":"dnr","title":"Port Washington proposal and issued permits","url":"https://dnr.wisconsin.gov/topic/EIA/Portwashington.html","publisher":"Wisconsin DNR","type":"official-record","publishedAt":"2026-06-12","retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved"},{"id":"psc-water","title":"Port Washington water main: docket 4780-CW-105","url":"https://psc.wi.gov/Pages/CommissionActions/CasePages/PortWashington.aspx","publisher":"Public Service Commission of Wisconsin","type":"official-record","publishedAt":"2026-07","retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved"},{"id":"city-plan","title":"Planning department update of 16 September 2025","url":"https://www.portwashingtonwi.gov/home/showpublisheddocument/6186/638932795693070000","publisher":"City of Port Washington","type":"official-record","publishedAt":"2025-09-16","retrievedAt":"2026-11-10","access":"retrieved","accessNote":"This address returned “Access Denied” on 11 November 2026. The Internet Archive holds a copy dated 10 December 2025. That copy holds the planning update of 16 September 2025."},{"id":"city-tid","title":"City amendment of construction hours and project financing update","url":"https://www.portwashingtonwi.gov/home/showpublisheddocument/7008/639095984456370000?download=1","publisher":"City of Port Washington","type":"official-record","publishedAt":"2026-03-19","retrievedAt":"2026-11-10","access":"retrieved","note":"Two-page city news release in PDF form. It describes conditions on construction hours, upfront infrastructure costs paid back through a tax incremental district (TID), and a peak-day water forecast.","sha256":"cd59d587c206e5accabddf12bfcdf1068a2466f42db6396dac3701c595ec1b2f","accessNote":"This address returned “Access Denied” on 11 November 2026. The Internet Archive holds an identical copy of the file, dated 10 July 2026."},{"id":"vantage","title":"Lighthouse campus design and power disclosure","url":"https://vantage-dc.com/data-center-locations/north-america/port-washington-wisconsin","publisher":"Vantage Data Centers","type":"operator-claim","publishedAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-11-10","access":"unavailable","note":"Vantage’s campus page returned “404 page not found” on 11 November 2026. The Internet Archive holds a copy dated 23 October 2026. That copy says “the remaining energy required will be matched with renewable energy purchases”. It says this is “to achieve a 100% match every year”."},{"id":"oracle-september","title":"September 2026 Lighthouse project update","url":"https://www.oracle.com/news/announcement/oracle-and-vantage-launch-campaign-highlighting-commitments-to-wisconsin-2026-09-17/","publisher":"Oracle / Vantage","type":"operator-claim","publishedAt":"2026-09-17","retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved"},{"id":"oracle-partners","title":"Oracle project index and Stargate partner announcement","url":"https://www.oracle.com/data-centers/","publisher":"Oracle","type":"operator-claim","publishedAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved","note":"The index identifies the Wisconsin Stargate announcement with OpenAI, Oracle and Vantage. The developer, operator and tenant roles name public project participants. They do not show lease terms."},{"id":"psc-electric-final","title":"Final Decision: Very Large Customer and Bespoke Resources tariffs, 6630-TE-113","url":"https://apps.psc.wi.gov/ERF/ERFview/viewdoc.aspx?docid=591873&download=1","publisher":"Public Service Commission of Wisconsin","type":"official-record","publishedAt":"2026-05-21","retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved","note":"PSC REF 591873, 65-page final decision. See printed pages 24–29 for transmission, 33–44 for resources and credit support, and 53–58 for ordered conditions. This is the final written decision, not the April preliminary press release.","sha256":"caa408c36dcef555b948eeb28798c5a41e7b8ace3a56d8b483b96c9bc4678a41"},{"id":"wec-september-filing","title":"WEC September 2026 investor update: tariff terms and Port Washington financial security","url":"https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/783325/000078332526000099/a092026septemberfinal002.htm","publisher":"WEC Energy Group","type":"operator-claim","publishedAt":"2026-09","retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved","note":"Slides 10 and 18. The utility says Oracle has met the financial security requirements “which are in line with the PSCW requirements”. PSCW is short for the Public Service Commission of Wisconsin. Slide 18 is about the campus in Port Washington. The filing sits on the website of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). That does not make it a regulator’s finding or an independent check."}],"assessments":{"disclosure":{"answer":"yes","basis":"official-record","evidenceKind":"record","note":"The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (DNR) keeps a project page. The page has environmental and permit records.","sourceIds":["dnr"]},"cooling":{"answer":"yes","basis":"operator-claim","evidenceKind":"claim","note":"Oracle says the cooling does not evaporate water (“non-evaporative”). It says the cooling uses a closed loop (pipes that send the same liquid around again and again). This is a company statement about the design. It is not a result measured in operation.","sourceIds":["oracle"]},"water":{"answer":"yes","basis":"official-record","evidenceKind":"claim","note":"The city’s release of 19 March 2026 gives a forecast for a day when water use is highest (a “peak day”). The forecast is about 22,000 gallons. Separately, the Public Service Commission of Wisconsin (PSC) records a daily demand of 22,000 gallons. The applicant stated that figure. The PSC record sets it apart from fire-flow capacity, the water flow needed to fight a fire. These are planning figures, not use measured by a meter.","sourceIds":["city-tid","psc-water"]},"energy":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"operator-claim","note":"Oracle’s page, current as of January 2026, says 70% of the campus’s energy “will come from zero-emission sources”. Oracle and Vantage issued an update on 17 September 2026. It says more than 50% of the power capacity “is expected to come from carbon-free energy”. Power capacity is the most power at one moment. The two figures are shares of different totals. The update says the rest of the energy “will be matched with renewable energy purchases”. It gives no time span for that match. Vantage’s campus page said the remaining energy would be matched “to achieve a 100% match every year”. That page now returns “404 page not found”. The Internet Archive holds a copy dated 23 October 2026. All three are company statements about future supply for a campus still being built. None reports a matched result for any year or any hour.","sourceIds":["oracle","oracle-september","vantage"]},"ratepayer":{"answer":"yes","basis":"official-record","evidenceKind":"condition","note":"The Public Service Commission of Wisconsin (PSC) oversees utilities. Its Final Decision of 21 May 2026 adopts tariffs. A tariff sets a utility’s rates and terms of service. Customers with forecast loads above 100 megawatts (MW) must use these tariffs. A megawatt measures the power a customer draws at one moment. The tariffs set a first term of 15 years. They set minimum charges for transmission demand, which is demand on the high-voltage lines that move power. They add resource obligations (duties to sign up for power supply). They also add credit support (money or a guarantee put up to back payment). WEC Energy Group, a utility company, filed an update for investors in September 2026. It describes the campus that Vantage Data Centers is developing in Port Washington. It says Oracle “has met the financial security requirements”. Transmission costs are still divided by “load-ratio share”, which means by each customer’s share of the load. The decision does not require transmission costs to be collected upfront. The listed records do not include signed service agreements for the campus or actual bills. This shows an adopted framework for dividing costs (a “cost-allocation framework”). It does not show that all risk to other customers (ratepayers) is removed.","sourceIds":["psc-electric-final","wec-september-filing"]},"air":{"answer":"yes","basis":"official-record","evidenceKind":"condition","note":"The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (DNR) lists permits for 45 diesel emergency generators. They are final construction permit 25-MIN-094 and operation permit 24618528A-F01. Both were issued on 12 June 2026. These are air permits, which set the pollution rules a site must follow. Having them does not mean zero emissions.","sourceIds":["dnr"]},"noise":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"official-record","note":"The city adopted limits on outdoor construction hours, starting on 18 April 2026. These are conditions on construction. They are not sound limits, stated as a number, for the site in operation. The listed records do not show limits of that kind.","sourceIds":["city-tid"]},"decision":{"answer":"yes","basis":"official-record","evidenceKind":"record","note":"The city’s records show approval of the building, site and operations plan on 28 August 2025. They also show a change (an “amendment”) on 19 March 2026. It limits construction hours. Other approvals are separate.","sourceIds":["city-plan","city-tid"]},"performance":{"answer":"not-applicable","basis":"official-record","note":"The campus is at the construction stage. Measured results from running the site do not apply at this stage.","sourceIds":["dnr"]}},"limitations":["Energy percentages, promises to return more water than the campus consumes (“water positive”) and job forecasts are claims about the future. Capacity (the most power at one moment), yearly energy and hourly supply must not be mixed up.","DNR approval covers the specific things named in the permits. It does not certify that the whole campus is clean for the environment.","The tenant relationships are described in public. The listed records do not include the contracts or the full chain of ownership.","Electricity tariffs, tax-increment financing (repaying costs from growth in local property taxes), water infrastructure and transmission are different cost questions. The city describes about $175 million of infrastructure spending as paid upfront. It describes that spending as paid back through a tax incremental district (TID), the area this financing covers. The spending should not be treated as a gift with no conditions. The electricity decision does not show that all transmission costs are assigned directly to this campus."],"stateName":"Wisconsin","recordScope":"campus","recordScopeLabel":"A campus","statusSourceIds":["dnr","oracle-september"]},{"id":"google-the-dalles","name":"Google — The Dalles campuses","city":"The Dalles","state":"OR","status":"operating","developer":"Google","operator":"Google","tenants":[],"coordinates":[-121.1787,45.5946],"coordinatePrecision":"city","summary":"Google publishes location details and efficiency data for its campuses. Its water profile shows past water consumption, but not today’s highest demand (the “peak demand”).","lastReviewed":"2026-11-11","statusAsOf":null,"statusNote":"Google’s current location page describes campuses in operation.","sources":[{"id":"location","title":"The Dalles data center location","url":"https://datacenters.google/locations/oregon/","publisher":"Google","type":"operator-claim","publishedAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved"},{"id":"water-profile","title":"The Dalles water profile","url":"https://www.gstatic.com/gumdrop/sustainability/2023-data-center-water-profile-the-dalles.pdf","publisher":"Google","type":"operating-data","publishedAt":"2023-04","retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved"},{"id":"pue","title":"Campus power usage effectiveness reports","url":"https://datacenters.google/intl/en/efficiency/","publisher":"Google","type":"operating-data","publishedAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved","note":"Quarterly and trailing-twelve-month PUE are distinct. The page currently includes three The Dalles campus entries.","reportingPeriod":"2026-Q2"}],"assessments":{"disclosure":{"answer":"yes","basis":"operator-claim","evidenceKind":"record","note":"Google keeps a location page and a local water profile.","sourceIds":["location","water-profile"]},"cooling":{"answer":"no","basis":"operator-claim","evidenceKind":"claim","note":"A photo on Google’s location page has this caption: “Steam rises above Google’s cooling towers in The Dalles data center in Oregon.” The caption has no date and does not name the campus. A cooling tower that gives off steam gets rid of heat by letting water evaporate into the air. This is called “evaporative cooling”. Google’s water profile, dated April 2023, says Google uses water to cool its data centers. It reports almost 275 million gallons consumed in The Dalles in 2021. So Google’s own records show this kind of cooling on at least part of its campuses in The Dalles. Neither record sets out the full design for getting rid of heat.","sourceIds":["location","water-profile"]},"water":{"answer":"yes","basis":"operating-data","evidenceKind":"result","note":"The April 2023 water profile reports water consumed (used and not returned) in The Dalles in 2021. The figure is almost 275 million gallons. It is from the past and covers the local campuses together. It is not a current figure for a day when water use is highest (a “peak day”).","sourceIds":["water-profile"]},"energy":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"not-reviewed","note":"The listed records do not answer this.","sourceIds":[]},"ratepayer":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"not-reviewed","note":"The listed records do not answer this.","sourceIds":[]},"air":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"not-reviewed","note":"The listed records do not answer this.","sourceIds":[]},"noise":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"not-reviewed","note":"The listed records do not answer this.","sourceIds":[]},"decision":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"not-reviewed","note":"The listed records do not answer this.","sourceIds":[]},"performance":{"answer":"yes","basis":"operating-data","evidenceKind":"result","note":"Google publishes a PUE figure for each campus. PUE (power usage effectiveness) measures the electricity a site uses beyond its computers. The figures are by quarter and for the latest twelve months (“trailing twelve months”). They run through the second quarter (Q2) of 2026. Google reports these efficiency measurements itself.","sourceIds":["pue"]}},"limitations":["This record groups Google’s campuses in The Dalles. It must not be counted as one single building.","PUE measures a site’s overhead, which is the electricity it uses beyond its computers. It does not measure total electricity demand, clean-power supply or effects on the community.","The 2021 water measurement is evidence from that year. It is not an estimate of current water use."],"stateName":"Oregon","recordScope":"campus-group","recordScopeLabel":"A group of campuses","statusSourceIds":["location","pue"]},{"id":"google-douglas-county","name":"Google — Douglas County","city":"Douglas County","state":"GA","status":"operating","developer":"Google","operator":"Google","tenants":[],"coordinates":[-84.7477,33.7515],"coordinatePrecision":"city","summary":"Google reports substantial use of reclaimed water (treated wastewater used again) and publishes efficiency measurements for the campus. A reclaimed supply alone does not settle water consumption or effects on the watershed (the land that drains to one stream, river or lake).","lastReviewed":"2026-11-11","statusAsOf":null,"statusNote":"Google’s location page names an operating campus in Douglas County. So does its efficiency table for the second quarter (Q2) of 2026. The table gives PUE (power usage effectiveness). PUE measures the electricity a site uses beyond its computers.","sources":[{"id":"location","title":"Google data centers in Georgia","url":"https://datacenters.google/locations/georgia/","publisher":"Google","type":"operator-claim","publishedAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved"},{"id":"impact","title":"2024 Georgia impact study","url":"https://www.gstatic.com/marketing-cms/75/20/d0461aea49dd9a1d3e3aab2d68cd/2024-impact-study-georgia.pdf","publisher":"Google / Deloitte","type":"operating-data","publishedAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved","note":"The water consumption totals in this study cover all of Google’s data centers in the state. They are not figures for one building.","reportingPeriod":"2023"},{"id":"pue","title":"Campus power usage effectiveness reports","url":"https://datacenters.google/intl/en/efficiency/","publisher":"Google","type":"operating-data","publishedAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved","reportingPeriod":"2026-Q2","note":"PUE by quarter and PUE for the latest twelve months (“trailing twelve months”) are different figures. The page lists Douglas County, Georgia, as one campus."}],"assessments":{"disclosure":{"answer":"yes","basis":"operator-claim","evidenceKind":"record","note":"Google’s location page for Georgia names Douglas County. It says Google’s sites in the region use recycled industrial water to cool servers.","sourceIds":["location"]},"cooling":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"operator-claim","note":"Google’s Georgia page says its sites in the region use “recycled industrial water to cool our servers”. It dates the start to 2012. Google’s 2024 Georgia impact study says the Douglas County site uses “reuse water to cool its facility”. The study also reports the water that Google’s data centers in the state used and did not return (“water consumption”). It does not say how that water was used up. Neither record says whether the cooling lets water evaporate. Neither shows how the campus gets rid of heat (the “heat-rejection” design).","sourceIds":["location","impact"]},"water":{"answer":"yes","basis":"operating-data","evidenceKind":"result","note":"Google’s 2024 Georgia impact study reports the water its data centers in the state used and did not return (“water consumption”). The total for 2023 was 345.6 million gallons. Google’s efficiency tables for 2023 list Douglas County as its only Georgia campus. Google’s Georgia page says it announced plans for two more sites in the state in 2026. So the state total is the total for this whole campus, not for one building. Over 90% of the water taken in (“withdrawn”) that year came from reclaimed wastewater. Deloitte prepared the study for Google in fall 2024. It relied on information from Google “without independent verification”.","sourceIds":["impact","pue","location"]},"energy":{"answer":"yes","basis":"operating-data","evidenceKind":"result","note":"Google’s Georgia impact study dates from fall 2024. It gives 42% for 2023 and 40% for 2022. That is the share of electricity matched with carbon-free energy “at every hour of every day at Google’s data center in Georgia”. A footnote says that, where it applies, the figure is an average “across data centers”. In those years, Google’s efficiency page lists one Georgia campus, Douglas County. Deloitte wrote the study for Google. It relied on information from Google “without independent verification”.","sourceIds":["impact","pue"]},"ratepayer":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"not-reviewed","note":"The listed records do not answer this.","sourceIds":[]},"air":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"not-reviewed","note":"The listed records do not answer this.","sourceIds":[]},"noise":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"not-reviewed","note":"The listed records do not answer this.","sourceIds":[]},"decision":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"not-reviewed","note":"The listed records do not answer this.","sourceIds":[]},"performance":{"answer":"yes","basis":"operating-data","evidenceKind":"result","note":"Google publishes a PUE figure for Douglas County. PUE (power usage effectiveness) measures the electricity a site uses beyond its computers. The figures are by quarter and for the latest twelve months (“trailing twelve months”). They run through the second quarter (Q2) of 2026.","sourceIds":["pue","impact"]}},"limitations":["The coordinates give an approximate place for the area. They are not a surveyed point for the site.","A high percentage of reclaimed water is a documented practice. It is not proof of zero consumption or of no effect downstream.","The listed records include no independent assurance opinion (an outside auditor’s written finding) on this one site’s measurements."],"stateName":"Georgia","recordScope":"campus","recordScopeLabel":"A campus","statusSourceIds":["location","pue"]},{"id":"microsoft-fairwater-wisconsin","name":"Microsoft Fairwater 1 — Mount Pleasant","city":"Mount Pleasant","state":"WI","status":"commissioning","developer":"Microsoft","operator":"Microsoft","tenants":[],"coordinates":[-87.8873,42.7126],"coordinatePrecision":"city","summary":"Microsoft says most capacity uses a closed loop (pipes that reuse the same water), and the rest uses water “only during the hottest days”. It also acknowledges concerns about startup noise.","lastReviewed":"2026-11-11","statusAsOf":"2026-07-20","statusNote":"Microsoft’s update of 20 July 2026 discusses steps to reduce sound (“mitigation”) after it brought equipment online. The listed records do not show whether the site is in full commercial service.","sources":[{"id":"design","title":"Fairwater cooling design","url":"https://blogs.microsoft.com/blog/2025/09/18/inside-the-worlds-most-powerful-ai-datacenter/","publisher":"Microsoft","type":"operator-claim","publishedAt":"2025-09-18","retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved"},{"id":"commitments","title":"Wisconsin project and cost commitments","url":"https://blogs.microsoft.com/on-the-issues/2025/09/18/made-in-wisconsin-the-worlds-most-powerful-ai-datacenter/","publisher":"Microsoft","type":"operator-claim","publishedAt":"2025-09-18","retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved"},{"id":"noise-update","title":"Mount Pleasant sound investigation update","url":"https://local.microsoft.com/blog/testing-underway-to-understand-noise-at-our-mount-pleasant-datacenter/","publisher":"Microsoft","type":"operator-claim","publishedAt":"2026-07-20","retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved"}],"assessments":{"disclosure":{"answer":"yes","basis":"operator-claim","evidenceKind":"record","note":"Microsoft publishes design details for the project. It also publishes a dated update on its sound investigation.","sourceIds":["design","noise-update"]},"cooling":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"operator-claim","note":"Microsoft’s design post of 18 September 2025 says over 90% of capacity uses a closed loop. It says the loop needs water only once, during construction, and reuses it “with no evaporation losses”. It says the remaining 10% are traditional servers cooled by outdoor air. They switch to water “only during the hottest days”. The post does not say whether that water evaporates.","sourceIds":["design"]},"water":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"operator-claim","note":"The announcement uses comparisons to a restaurant and a golf course. It gives no yearly or highest (“peak”) water demand for the campus as a number.","sourceIds":["commitments"]},"energy":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"operator-claim","note":"On 18 September 2025, Microsoft said it “will match every kilowatt hour” of power it uses that comes from fossil fuels. It said each match is “one for one with carbon-free energy” that Microsoft puts back onto the grid. It named a new 250 MW solar project in Portage County to support this commitment. The solar project was being built at the time. The statement gives no matching period, such as yearly or hourly. It gives no accounting result.","sourceIds":["commitments"]},"ratepayer":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"operator-claim","note":"Microsoft says it pays in advance for the energy and electrical infrastructure it will use. The listed records do not include a signed agreement that applies.","sourceIds":["commitments"]},"air":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"not-reviewed","note":"The listed records do not answer this.","sourceIds":[]},"noise":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"operator-claim","note":"On 15 April 2026, Microsoft said the site’s noise levels “meet the requirements set by local ordinance” (a local law). Its updates do not name that law or give its limits as numbers. On 18 June 2026, Microsoft said its “independent monitoring” showed that its steps to reduce the sound had “fully resolved the issue”. The updates give no measured sound levels. On 20 July 2026, Microsoft said it was still working on short-term steps to reduce the sound.","sourceIds":["noise-update"]},"decision":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"not-reviewed","note":"The listed records do not answer this.","sourceIds":[]},"performance":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"operator-claim","note":"Microsoft’s sound updates run from 10 April to 20 July 2026. They describe work to reduce the sound. On 18 June 2026, Microsoft said its “independent monitoring” showed that this work had “fully resolved the issue”. The updates give no measured values and no time span for that monitoring. The listed sources show no other measured environmental data for a stated period.","sourceIds":["noise-update"]}},"limitations":["A design statement that covers most capacity cannot show how the whole campus gets rid of heat (its “heat-rejection” method).","The sound update of 18 June 2026 described the matter as resolved. The later update of 20 July 2026 still described evaluation and short-term steps to reduce sound.","Startup activity does not prove that all planned computing capacity is in commercial operation."],"stateName":"Wisconsin","recordScope":"campus","recordScopeLabel":"A campus","statusSourceIds":["noise-update"]},{"id":"microsoft-sj04","name":"Microsoft San José Data Center 04","city":"San José","state":"CA","status":"proposed","developer":"Microsoft","operator":"Microsoft","tenants":[],"coordinates":[-121.8863,37.3387],"coordinatePrecision":"city","summary":"A public state case file (a “docket”) holds design changes and a water supply assessment. The state project page lists the exemption case as under review.","lastReviewed":"2026-11-11","statusAsOf":null,"statusNote":"The California Energy Commission (CEC) page lists the project status as “Under Review”. The page showed this status on 11 November 2026. This is the status of the state exemption case (the “exemption proceeding”). It is not a final city approval to build. With an exemption, a project goes through local permitting. It does not need the CEC’s own approval (“certification”).","sources":[{"id":"cec","title":"San José Data Center 04 project record","url":"https://www.energy.ca.gov/powerplant/backup-generating-system/san-jose-data-center-04","publisher":"California Energy Commission","type":"official-record","publishedAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved"},{"id":"docket","title":"Docket 22-SPPE-02","url":"https://efiling.energy.ca.gov/Lists/DocketLog.aspx?docketnumber=22-SPPE-02","publisher":"California Energy Commission","type":"official-record","publishedAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved"},{"id":"design","title":"Fourth revised project description, TN 264764","url":"https://efiling.energy.ca.gov/GetDocument.aspx?DocumentContentId=101543&tn=264764","publisher":"Microsoft applicant representative / CEC docket","type":"operator-claim","publishedAt":"2025-07-14","retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved"},{"id":"water-assessment","title":"Final approved water supply assessment, TN 250295","url":"https://efiling.energy.ca.gov/GetDocument.aspx?DocumentContentId=85030&tn=250295","publisher":"City water assessment / CEC docket","type":"official-record","publishedAt":"2023-05-24","retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved","note":"The report cover is marked “FINAL - November 2022”. The report was filed in the state docket on 24 May 2023."}],"assessments":{"disclosure":{"answer":"yes","basis":"official-record","evidenceKind":"record","note":"The California Energy Commission (CEC) has a public project page and a public case file (a “docket”). They name the owner and the project. They also list the documents for the environmental review.","sourceIds":["cec","docket"]},"cooling":{"answer":"no","basis":"operator-claim","evidenceKind":"claim","note":"The July 2025 design comes from the applicant, the company asking for the exemption. It calls for indirect evaporative cooling. This kind of cooling removes heat by letting water evaporate. The design uses hybrid closed-circuit fluid coolers. These keep the cooling fluid inside closed pipes. In the design, recycled water replaces the water that is lost (the “makeup water”). The design says the coolers can run in dry mode when conditions allow. Dry mode means no water is evaporated.","sourceIds":["design"]},"water":{"answer":"yes","basis":"official-record","evidenceKind":"claim","note":"The water supply assessment is dated November 2022. It was filed in the state docket on 24 May 2023. It estimates 690 acre-feet a year of recycled water. One acre-foot covers one acre of land one foot deep. The recycled water is for cooling and for watering land (“irrigation”). The assessment also estimates 1.35 acre-feet a year of drinking water (“potable” water) for domestic demand. These are design estimates. They are not meter readings from a running site.","sourceIds":["water-assessment"]},"energy":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"operator-claim","note":"Microsoft’s project description was filed in the state docket on 14 July 2025. It lists a proposed design feature for electricity. Under it, the project owner “shall participate” in San José Clean Energy at the Total Green level. The filing describes that level as “100% carbon-free electricity”. The feature covers the electricity accounts linked to the project. It also allows a contract with San José Clean Energy, or another clean energy program with the same goal. This is the applicant’s own statement. The filing does not say how the clean electricity would be counted. It gives no matching period, such as each hour or each year.","sourceIds":["design"]},"ratepayer":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"not-reviewed","note":"The listed records do not answer this.","sourceIds":[]},"air":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"official-record","note":"The CEC page describes proposed diesel backup equipment. A state small power plant exemption would not replace the air district’s permit. The air district is the local agency that manages air quality. Microsoft’s July 2025 filing says each engine may run no more than 50 hours a year for testing and maintenance. It says this limit comes from the air district’s permit to build (its “Authority to Construct”) and a California Air Resources Board rule. The filing does not include an Authority to Construct or say that one was issued. The listed records do not include a final air permit. An air permit is the document that sets a site’s air pollution rules.","sourceIds":["cec","design"]},"noise":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"operator-claim","note":"Microsoft’s project filing of 14 July 2025 says the project will follow the city’s standard permit conditions for construction noise. These limit building work to 7:00 AM to 7:00 PM, Monday through Friday. Other hours need a development permit or other planning approval. No weekend building work is allowed within 500 feet of a home. The filing says screen walls about 40 feet above the roof will hide the rooftop equipment. It says the walls will also reduce the equipment’s sound. It gives no noise limit in decibels for the data center once it runs.","sourceIds":["design"]},"decision":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"official-record","note":"The California Energy Commission (CEC) page lists the state exemption case as “Under Review”. It says what happens if the CEC grants the exemption. Local land-use agencies and other agencies then take charge through their own permit processes. The applicant’s filing of 14 July 2025 reports early talks with city public works staff. It says staff expect the city to seek a condition in the project’s use permit (the “Conditional Use Permit”). The listed records include no city decision on that permit.","sourceIds":["cec","design"]},"performance":{"answer":"not-applicable","basis":"official-record","note":"The project is proposed, and its exemption case is not yet decided.","sourceIds":["cec"]}},"limitations":["The water supply assessment is older than the July 2025 design change. The water amounts in the July 2025 filing agree with the assessment. Both sets of amounts are estimates.","A document that the applicant files in a government docket is still the applicant’s own statement.","The CEC exemption review is one decision. The city’s land-use approval, its decision on what may be built, is another. The air district’s permits are separate too."],"stateName":"California","recordScope":"proposed-campus","recordScopeLabel":"A proposed campus","statusSourceIds":["cec","docket"]},{"id":"meta-richland-parish","name":"Meta Hyperion — Richland Parish","city":"Richland Parish","state":"LA","status":"under-construction","developer":"Meta","operator":"Meta","tenants":[],"coordinates":[-91.7937,32.4765],"coordinatePrecision":"city","summary":"Meta has expanded the campus it announced and the power plans tied to it. Older project descriptions may no longer describe all that is proposed to be built.","lastReviewed":"2026-11-11","statusAsOf":"2026-07-13","statusNote":"Meta’s July 2026 announcement describes an expansion while the site is being built. It also describes the future, when the site will be running.","sources":[{"id":"expansion","title":"Richland Parish expansion announcement","url":"https://about.fb.com/news/2026/07/teachers-local-businesses-win-as-meta-expands-louisiana-data-center/","publisher":"Meta","type":"operator-claim","publishedAt":"2026-07-13","retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved"},{"id":"water-pledge","title":"Richland Parish one-year project update","url":"https://about.fb.com/news/2025/12/metas-richland-parish-data-center-supports-louisiana-economy-875-million-in-contracts/","publisher":"Meta","type":"operator-claim","publishedAt":"2025-12-19","retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved"},{"id":"psc-transcript","title":"Commission transcript of 15 April 2026, pages 29–30 and 38–51","url":"https://www.lpsc.louisiana.gov/docs/transcripts/April-15-2026-BE.pdf","publisher":"Louisiana Public Service Commission","type":"official-record","publishedAt":"2026-04-15","retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved"}],"assessments":{"disclosure":{"answer":"yes","basis":"operator-claim","evidenceKind":"record","note":"Meta publishes updates about this project. They cover construction, infrastructure and expansion.","sourceIds":["expansion"]},"cooling":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"not-reviewed","note":"The listed records do not answer this.","sourceIds":[]},"water":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"operator-claim","note":"Meta publishes promises to restore water (“replenishment” commitments). The promises are for named watersheds. A watershed is the land that drains to one stream, river or lake. The listed records give no campus water budget as a number. That means a budget for withdrawal (water taken from a source) or consumption (the part that is not returned).","sourceIds":["water-pledge"]},"energy":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"operator-claim","note":"Meta’s expansion announcement names power made from natural gas alongside batteries and purchased power. It also names nuclear uprates, which raise the amount of power a nuclear plant may make. It does not give a result for this project that counts clean electricity by the hour or by the year.","sourceIds":["expansion"]},"ratepayer":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"official-record","note":"The Louisiana Public Service Commission (LPSC) regulates the state’s power companies. A transcript of its 15 April 2026 meeting says it approved a settlement in August 2025. The settlement was between LPSC staff and Entergy. It covers power supply and power lines (“generation and transmission resources”) to serve Meta. The approval is recorded in Order U-37425. The listed records do not give the order’s cost terms. At the same meeting, the LPSC took up a newer Entergy request (Docket U-37882) for a large data center in Richland Parish. The chairman spoke of “the extension of this project” and said “nothing has been approved”. The LPSC set the request for its meeting of 16 December 2026. Meta’s announcement of 13 July 2026 says Meta “pays the full costs of the energy, water, and related infrastructure the data center uses”.","sourceIds":["psc-transcript","expansion"]},"air":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"not-reviewed","note":"The listed records do not answer this.","sourceIds":[]},"noise":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"not-reviewed","note":"The listed records do not answer this.","sourceIds":[]},"decision":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"not-reviewed","note":"The listed records do not answer this.","sourceIds":[]},"performance":{"answer":"not-applicable","basis":"operator-claim","note":"The expansion is at the construction stage. Environmental results from running the site do not apply at this stage.","sourceIds":["expansion"]}},"limitations":["A promise to restore water is not a measured count of the water going into and out of the campus (a “water balance”).","Power made from natural gas on the power company’s side (the “utility side”) belongs in the count of the project’s impacts. This holds even when the power is made outside the campus.","The listed records do not show that the original service arrangement covers every later phase (building stage), such as the July 2026 expansion."],"stateName":"Louisiana","recordScope":"campus","recordScopeLabel":"A campus","statusSourceIds":["expansion"]},{"id":"xai-colossus-memphis","name":"Colossus 1 — Memphis","city":"Memphis","state":"TN","status":"operating","developer":"xAI / CTC Property LLC","operator":"xAI (current site branded SpaceXSI)","tenants":[],"coordinates":[-90.049,35.1495],"coordinatePrecision":"city","summary":"This computing site is running and has public project material. Search results list health department documents about the site’s permit. Their direct links now return a “not found” error (HTTP 404).","lastReviewed":"2026-11-11","statusAsOf":null,"statusNote":"The operator is the company that runs the site. Its website describes a cluster (a group of computers that work together) that is running. The website also describes a scale-up in February 2025. The brand name used now differs from the name of the earlier permit applicant, the party that applied for the permit.","sources":[{"id":"operator","title":"Colossus project page","url":"https://x.ai/colossus","publisher":"xAI / SpaceXSI","type":"operator-claim","publishedAt":null,"retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved"},{"id":"city-utilities","title":"MLGW Utility Support to xAI, slides for the MLGW Committee, 9 July 2024","url":"https://memphistn.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/xAI-water-and-electric-7-9-24-final.pdf","publisher":"City of Memphis","type":"official-record","publishedAt":"2024-07-09","retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved","note":"These slides carry the logo of Memphis Light, Gas and Water (MLGW), the local utility. The file is on the City of Memphis website."},{"id":"permit-evaluation","title":"Construction permit evaluation, source 01156","url":"https://www.shelbytnhealth.com/DocumentCenter/View/7175","publisher":"Shelby County Health Department","type":"official-record","publishedAt":"2025-07-02","retrievedAt":"2026-11-10","access":"unavailable","note":"Search results list this agency record. Its direct link now returns a “not found” error (HTTP 404). The Internet Archive holds no copy."},{"id":"appeal-notice","title":"Air-board meeting notice of 15 December 2025","url":"https://www.shelbytnhealth.com/DocumentCenter/View/7467","publisher":"Shelby County Health Department","type":"official-record","publishedAt":"2025-12-15","retrievedAt":"2026-11-10","access":"unavailable","note":"Search results list this notice. The listing mentions the issued construction permit and an appeal. Its direct link now returns a “not found” error (HTTP 404). The only Internet Archive capture, dated 16 May 2026, is also a “not found” page. The listed records do not show how the appeal ended."}],"assessments":{"disclosure":{"answer":"yes","basis":"official-record","evidenceKind":"record","note":"Slides from the local utility, Memphis Light, Gas and Water (MLGW), are dated 9 July 2024. Their title is “MLGW Utility Support to xAI”. They say xAI “will occupy the former Electrolux manufacturing facility”. They set out the water, gas and electric service for the site. The file is on the City of Memphis website. The operator also has a project page. It describes the computing site and its build timeline.","sourceIds":["city-utilities","operator"]},"cooling":{"answer":"no","basis":"official-record","evidenceKind":"claim","note":"Slides from the local utility, Memphis Light, Gas and Water (MLGW), are dated 9 July 2024. They say xAI “will use two water systems”. One is a closed loop that cools the computers. A closed loop sends the same water around again and again. The slides say this water is cooled by “a water-cooled chiller and evaporative cooling tower”. An evaporative cooling tower removes heat by letting water evaporate. The slides set out the plan as of July 2024. They do not show how the site runs now.","sourceIds":["city-utilities"]},"water":{"answer":"yes","basis":"official-record","evidenceKind":"claim","note":"Slides from the local utility, Memphis Light, Gas and Water (MLGW), are dated 9 July 2024. They say the project “would add ~1 MGD” to the demand for MLGW water. MGD means million gallons a day. So the project would add about 1 million gallons a day. MLGW delivers 150 million gallons a day to its customers on average. The 1 million figure is a forecast (projected demand). It is not a meter reading. A diagram in the same slides shows the main water pipe (the distribution main). It labels 2 million gallons a day of available capacity. Pipe capacity is not what the campus needs (demand) or uses up (consumption).","sourceIds":["city-utilities"]},"energy":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"not-reviewed","note":"The listed records do not answer this.","sourceIds":[]},"ratepayer":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"official-record","note":"The slides are from the local utility, Memphis Light, Gas and Water (MLGW). They are dated 9 July 2024. They say the utility will raise the power available to the site to 50 megawatts (MW). They say this will be “at an MLGW capital cost of $760,000”. They say the developer “will pay for construction of 150MW substation”. They say the utility will give a “margin allowance” on the monthly bill. They say this is “to recoup cost of construction of the substation (approximately $24M total)”. They say the power used will be paid for at the “prevailing commercial rate”. They say contracts for gas, water and “initial electric service” were arranged from April to June. At that date, the 150 MW request still needed approval. It had to come from the board of the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA). The listed records do not include those contracts. They include no adopted rate schedule (a “tariff”).","sourceIds":["city-utilities"]},"air":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"official-record","note":"County records listed in search results mention permit 01156-01PC and an appeal (a formal request to review a decision). Their direct links now return a “not found” error (HTTP 404). The listed records that open do not show the final document, its current status or its conditions. Conditions are the rules a permit sets.","sourceIds":["permit-evaluation","appeal-notice"]},"noise":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"not-reviewed","note":"The listed records do not answer this.","sourceIds":[]},"decision":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"not-reviewed","note":"The listed records do not answer this.","sourceIds":[]},"performance":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"operator-claim","note":"GPUs (graphics processing units) are a kind of computer chip. GPU counts and the scale of computing are not environmental measurements from operations. The listed records give no site measurements of water, energy or emissions for a stated period.","sourceIds":["operator"]}},"limitations":["This record covers Colossus 1 in Memphis. It does not cover Colossus 2 or the related sites in Mississippi where power is made.","Advocates’ claims and documents that do not open do not show whether the law was broken or whether permit rules were followed.","Older records use the names of earlier applicants. Those names do not show who owns which company today."],"stateName":"Tennessee","recordScope":"campus","recordScopeLabel":"A campus","statusSourceIds":["operator"]},{"id":"aws-wharton-boling","name":"AWS — Wharton County campus","city":"Boling / Wharton County","state":"TX","status":"under-construction","developer":"Amazon Web Services","operator":"Amazon Web Services","tenants":[],"coordinates":[-95.9444,29.2644],"coordinatePrecision":"city","summary":"Amazon says the cooling design for its current 13-building plan uses no water, and it gives a number for drinking-water use. Future expansions are clearly outside that promise.","lastReviewed":"2026-11-11","statusAsOf":"2026-09-11","statusNote":"Amazon says work to prepare the site is underway. No independent record of later construction or approvals is listed.","sources":[{"id":"amazon-update","title":"How we’re building responsibly in Wharton County, Texas","url":"https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/aws/amazon-data-centers-locations-news","publisher":"Amazon Web Services","type":"operator-claim","publishedAt":"2026-09-11","retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved","note":"The Wharton County entry is dated 11 September 2026. This rolling updates page also has entries about other projects."}],"assessments":{"disclosure":{"answer":"yes","basis":"operator-claim","evidenceKind":"record","note":"Amazon states the current plan for the campus (all the buildings on one site), its location and its stage.","sourceIds":["amazon-update"]},"cooling":{"answer":"yes","basis":"operator-claim","evidenceKind":"claim","note":"Amazon says the 13 buildings now planned will use no water for cooling. The statement does not cover later expansion.","sourceIds":["amazon-update"]},"water":{"answer":"yes","basis":"operator-claim","evidenceKind":"claim","note":"Amazon says that, for its current plans, drinking-water (“potable”) use is limited to about 16,000 gallons a day. This leaves out future expansion. It is a planning figure from Amazon, not use measured by a meter.","sourceIds":["amazon-update"]},"energy":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"operator-claim","note":"Amazon says it does not plan to build or operate a gas plant at its Wharton County site. It says it continues “pursuing both dispatchable and renewable solutions to meet our needs.” Dispatchable power can be called on when it is needed. The entry, dated 11 September 2026, gives no clean-electricity accounting for this project. It names no matching period, such as each hour or each year.","sourceIds":["amazon-update"]},"ratepayer":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"operator-claim","note":"Amazon says it works closely with energy providers in Texas to pay the full costs of powering its operations. It says “those costs are not passed to other customers”. Its entry of 11 September 2026 names no tariff (a utility’s rate plan) or agreement.","sourceIds":["amazon-update"]},"air":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"operator-claim","note":"Amazon says it works with state environmental agencies to get and follow all air permits that apply to its operations. It says this includes emissions from backup generators. Its entry of 11 September 2026 does not name or link to any air permit.","sourceIds":["amazon-update"]},"noise":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"operator-claim","note":"Amazon’s entry of 11 September 2026 says it works with sound engineers (“acoustic engineers”) to keep noise levels low. It says it meets all local noise rules. It says it designs its buildings to meet federal guidance for the health and welfare of nearby communities. It lists steps such as sound-dampening building materials and sound enclosures for generators. The entry gives no noise limit as a number and names no local noise rule.","sourceIds":["amazon-update"]},"decision":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"not-reviewed","note":"The listed records do not answer this.","sourceIds":[]},"performance":{"answer":"not-applicable","basis":"operator-claim","note":"The cited plan is at the site-preparation stage. Its figures are forecasts.","sourceIds":["amazon-update"]}},"limitations":["The only listed record is Amazon’s own statement. No local permit or water-supply agreement is listed.","Using no cooling water does not mean zero total water. It also does not mean zero water linked to making electricity.","The source is a rolling updates page (a page that gets new entries over time). The Wharton County entry is dated 11 September 2026."],"stateName":"Texas","recordScope":"proposed-campus","recordScopeLabel":"A proposed campus","statusSourceIds":["amazon-update"]},{"id":"pw-digital-gateway","name":"Prince William Digital Gateway","city":"Gainesville / Prince William County","state":"VA","status":"approval-voided","developer":"QTS / Compass Datacenters (separate applications)","operator":"Not named in the listed records","tenants":[],"coordinates":[-77.6139,38.7957],"coordinatePrecision":"city","summary":"The county reports that the rezoning approvals (decisions to change how the land may be used) are void. The change to the county’s long-range plan (the “Comprehensive Plan Amendment”) remains in place. With the approvals void, the plan area is not the same as an approved, buildable campus.","lastReviewed":"2026-11-11","statusAsOf":"2026-08-05","statusNote":"A county update describes the effect of the court order of 29 July 2026.","sources":[{"id":"county","title":"PW Digital Gateway status and applications","url":"https://www.pwcva.gov/department/planning-office/pw-digital-gateway","publisher":"Prince William County Planning Office","type":"official-record","publishedAt":"2026-08-05","retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved","note":"The update on the page is dated 5 August 2026. The page lists three rezoning applications: “Digital Gateway North”, “Digital Gateway South” and “Compass Datacenters Prince William County Campus 1”. The name QTS is not on the page itself. It is on the North and South proffer statements that the page links to."}],"assessments":{"disclosure":{"answer":"yes","basis":"official-record","evidenceKind":"record","note":"County records list the plan area, three rezoning applications and related materials. A rezoning application is a request to change how the land may be used.","sourceIds":["county"]},"cooling":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"official-record","note":"The county page links to the conditions offered in writing for the North and South rezonings (called “proffers”), dated 10 December 2023. Both say all data center buildings will use “air or closed-loop cooling systems”, or “other new, innovative technology”. Both rule out groundwater, surface water withdrawals and surface water discharges for cooling. These words do not say how the heat is released outdoors. So they do not show whether cooling by evaporating water (“evaporative cooling”) is avoided. The file linked for the third application, from Compass, is a letter dated 11 December 2023. It does not mention cooling. A county update of 5 August 2026 says the rezoning approvals are void.","sourceIds":["county"]},"water":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"not-reviewed","note":"The listed records do not answer this.","sourceIds":[]},"energy":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"not-reviewed","note":"The listed records do not answer this.","sourceIds":[]},"ratepayer":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"not-reviewed","note":"The listed records do not answer this.","sourceIds":[]},"air":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"not-reviewed","note":"The listed records do not answer this.","sourceIds":[]},"noise":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"official-record","note":"The county page links to the conditions offered in writing for the North and South rezonings (called “proffers”), dated 10 December 2023. They set the highest allowed sound level at 60 decibels (dBA) by day and 55 dBA at night. Night runs from 10 p.m. to 7 a.m. on weekdays, and to 9 a.m. on weekends and holidays. Sound is measured at the edge of land planned, zoned or used for homes or for certain historic sites. Emergency operations are exempt. Both sets of proffers say they are withdrawn and void if the rezoning is not granted as applied for. A county update of 5 August 2026 says the rezoning approvals are void. It says the zoning goes back to what it was before the approvals. The county page does not say whether the proffered limits still apply.","sourceIds":["county"]},"decision":{"answer":"yes","basis":"official-record","evidenceKind":"record","note":"The county says the rezoning approvals are void after the court order of 29 July 2026. It says the zoning goes back to what it was before the approvals. It says any future effort to rezone the land would need to go through the normal rezoning application process.","sourceIds":["county"]},"performance":{"answer":"not-applicable","basis":"official-record","note":"This is a planning area, not a site that is running.","sourceIds":["county"]}},"limitations":["The corridor (the plan area) holds separate QTS and Compass applications. It is not one site or a count of all proposed buildings.","A recorded local decision is not always an approval.","The rezoning outcome is a status in the land-use process. It is not a finding about environmental performance."],"stateName":"Virginia","recordScope":"planning-corridor","recordScopeLabel":"A planning corridor (a plan area, not one site)","statusSourceIds":["county"]},{"id":"chandler-price-road","name":"Price Road Innovation Campus","city":"Chandler","state":"AZ","status":"denied","developer":"BA Price Owner LLC / Active Infrastructure","operator":"Not disclosed","tenants":[],"coordinates":[-111.8413,33.3062],"coordinatePrecision":"city","summary":"The city council denied the rezoning, which would have changed how the land may be used. It also denied the development agreement, a contract between a city and a developer.","lastReviewed":"2026-11-11","statusAsOf":"2025-12-11","statusNote":"The denial was recorded on 11 December 2025. No record of a later replacement is listed.","sources":[{"id":"minutes","title":"Council minutes of 11 December 2025, items 37 and 38","url":"https://public.destinyhosted.com/chanddocs/2026/CC/20260105_2026/9189_20251211_regular-meeting_FINAL.pdf","publisher":"City of Chandler","type":"official-record","publishedAt":"2025-12-11","retrievedAt":"2026-11-11","access":"retrieved","note":"Items 37 and 38 run from page 12 to page 38 of the minutes. The public comments attached to the minutes are opinions, not findings by the city."}],"assessments":{"disclosure":{"answer":"yes","basis":"official-record","evidenceKind":"record","note":"The official minutes describe the proposal and the decision. Minutes are the written record of a council meeting.","sourceIds":["minutes"]},"cooling":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"operator-claim","note":"At the 11 December 2025 council meeting, the head of Active Infrastructure said the project “does not use water for cooling”. City staff said the proposed agreement required the data center to use “mechanical or closed-loop cooling systems only”. Staff said the evaporative cooling systems of a vacant building on the site would be removed. Staff said the new systems would “use little to no water”. The agreement still allowed water-based cooling “in a closed-loop system”. A closed loop by itself does not show how the heat leaves the site (the “heat-rejection” design). The plan also had five other buildings for research, flex and office use. The minutes do not describe how they would be cooled. The council denied the rezoning and the agreement.","sourceIds":["minutes"]},"water":{"answer":"yes","basis":"operator-claim","evidenceKind":"claim","note":"In the minutes, the applicant says the data center is expected to use 3,000 to 5,000 gallons of water a day. That figure is for the data center, not the whole site. City staff say the data center would be limited to about 48,000 gallons a day. Staff call that figure the most water allowed (the “maximum allowable daily allotment”), not the expected use. Staff say the five other buildings on the site would be limited to roughly 30,000 gallons a day. Staff say those buildings could later ask for more water under a city policy. All of these figures are for the rejected proposal.","sourceIds":["minutes"]},"energy":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"not-reviewed","note":"The listed records do not answer this.","sourceIds":[]},"ratepayer":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"official-record","note":"Salt River Project (SRP) would supply power to the site. At the 11 December 2025 meeting, city staff said SRP’s policy “requires the developer to pay for its own infrastructure and generation.” The applicant’s slides said SRP’s E-67 Price Plan makes the developer pay a minimum demand charge. They said this applies even if the customer uses less power than expected. The proposed contract with the city (the “development agreement”) needed a signed SRP agreement by January 2027. That agreement was to bring 230-kilovolt power lines to the site. The council denied the development agreement 7–0. The minutes do not include the E-67 plan or a signed SRP agreement for this project.","sourceIds":["minutes"]},"air":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"not-reviewed","note":"The listed records do not answer this.","sourceIds":[]},"noise":{"answer":"unknown","basis":"official-record","note":"In the minutes of the 11 December 2025 meeting, a city staff slide names the city’s data center ordinance. It is Section 35-2214 of the Zoning Code, adopted in December 2022. The applicant’s slides say the city’s 2022 noise standards for data centers require noise not to exceed the ambient level. That is the background sound already there. They say the ambient level was measured and is higher than the project’s expected noise. The minutes give no number for that level. The slides also say that, with all generators running, possible peak noise at the east property line meets “standard commercial noise limits (65dBA)”. That is the applicant’s claim about a proposal the council denied 7–0.","sourceIds":["minutes"]},"decision":{"answer":"yes","basis":"official-record","evidenceKind":"record","note":"The council denied item 37 (the rezoning and preliminary development plan) and item 38 (the development agreement) by 7–0. Every vote was to deny. This is a decision on an application, not a citywide ban.","sourceIds":["minutes"]},"performance":{"answer":"not-applicable","basis":"official-record","note":"The proposal was denied. It has no operating results.","sourceIds":["minutes"]}},"limitations":["The denied development agreement creates no approved commitments for the project.","The land-use denial is not proof of harm to the environment.","The public comments attached to the minutes are opinions, not findings by the city."],"stateName":"Arizona","recordScope":"rejected-application","recordScopeLabel":"A rejected application","statusSourceIds":["minutes"]}]}